Thursday, 8 January 2015

Zucchini fertility

Male Zucchini flower
It is the second week of January and we have experienced cool weather conditions around the end of December followed by extreme hot weather and now a cool spell with some (not enough) rain.The zucchini seedlings planted in November are bearing fruit but I am finding that there are very few bees around this year and pollination has to be done by hand. This is best done in the morning when the female flowers are freshly open. Find a male flower (above photo), strip off the petals and press the pollen-laden stamen to the stigma at the center of  female flowers (photos below). By mid-afternoon the female flowers are starting to close over and within the next couple of days the fruit rapidly begins to expand. Within a week the fruit are big enough to harvest; left longer than a week and you will be harvesting whoppers only suitable for soup or a gratin. Fruit that fails to develop is generally not pollinated but sometimes this is the result of stress to the plant caused by uneven soil moisture resulting in a condition called Blossom End-rot. Another cause of Blossom End-rot is lack of calcium in the soil. Apply Dolomite lime to the soil  before planting Zucchini seedlings to prevent calcium deficiency.
Female Zucchini flower



Female Zucchini flower after pollination


Sunday, 21 December 2014

Summer lettuces

Lettuce "Freckles"
Certain lettuce varieties can withstand the heat of an Australian summer better than others. My first choice is Eden Seeds' "Freckles" variety. This summer I am also trying a form of Mignonette from Yates called "Buttercrunch"which according to the packet "rarely runs to seed". Keeping  lettuce seeds in the fridge (not freezer) for two days before planting is reputed to lead to quicker germination. Plant lettuce seeds 3mm deep. Keep ground moist for one week until germination occurs. Harvest 8 weeks from sowing seed.   
Endive (Escarole)  flowers
Taking up quite a bit of space in my garden is one plant of a broad leaved form of Endive the French call "Escarole" that I am allowing to flower for the seed. Anita distributed seed to all the gardeners last Autumn and we had  a good supply of leafy greens over the winter from them. However Anita was most perplexed as to why the centers of the Escarole were not pale yellow as she remembers them in France. I have just read in Stephanie Alexander's garden cookbook that in France growers tie the outer leaves together and in the markets the plants are flattened to display the pale hearts of the endive which is the only part used in the salads, the outer leaves being fed to the chickens. In our innocence we have been eating the whole plant which although slightly bitter tasted quite palatable with a salad dressing. Next autumn, if I manage to collect seed, I will try the French method of cultivation. 

Sunday, 16 November 2014

Carrots

By now I have  harvested most of the carrots planted in late winter. They are "All Seasons", a good variety for colder months. I have already planted two more successive rows of  "All Seasons" and will sow "Manchester Table" during the warmer months to harvest in autumn. Carrots are my favourite vegetable because they take up very little space and do particularly well in a raised garden bed with light, sandy soil. The stumpy French Nantes and round carrot varieties are good choices if you have clay soils or are planting carrots in pots. 

Growing Tips:  Carrots seeds require moisture for at least ten days after the seeds are sown. If you can't be there to water daily this can be a problem. To overcome it I cover the seeds with a thin layer of mixed palm peat and sieved soil, lightly water and place a ply-wood board over the top to keep the soil moisture from evaporating. I remove it after a week and then hand-water every day until the seedlings appear. They look like grass at first. A damp piece of hessian will also perform the same function as the board but allows the sunlight to reach the germinating seeds, which can be an advantage over the board because if you don't remove the board in time the carrot roots begin growing horizontally above the soil. Carrots don't need additional fertilizer, particularly nitrogen, which makes them fork and grow hairy. Carrots need to be thinned- I do this twice, once as soon as the ferny leaves are showing and again a month later. The remaining plants are about 10cm apart and can be selectively harvested throughout the season leaving increasingly bigger gaps between remaining plants; the bigger the space, the bigger the carrots. Split carrots are caused by uneven watering; don't allow the soil to become completely dry and then over-water. One of the great pleasures of gardening is pulling up a perfect carrot you have grown yourself!

Friday, 24 October 2014

Apple blossom time

Apple blossom

Apple trees in bloom

 Food Forest
The first thing I noticed when I arrived this morning is that the apple trees have suddenly burst into bloom. The apricot already has a large crop of green fruit. The nasturtiums under the fruit trees will soon carpet the ground providing a living mulch as well as adding colour and bestowing all the other benefits that nasturtiums provide in an orchard.

Friday, 17 October 2014

Decorative vegetables in Spring

Lettuce and Bull's Blood beetroot
Flowering brassicas and sage
Sugar snap peas
Kohl Rabi, potato, silver beet, garlic and carrots

Kohl Rabi leaves provide foliage contrast with other veggies


October 17th and we are well into spring. Today the weather was perfect and it was a pleasure to walk around the garden and admire all the lovely textures and colours as winter vegetables go to flower. Kohl Rabi doesn't produce much that is edible and takes up valuable space but I grow it mainly for its decorative foliage. It is harvested when the above-ground swollen stem is about the size of a tennis ball. It tastes very much like turnip and is best prepared by peeling, cutting into dice and adding to soup or chick pea casserole or curry. The leaves are edible but are tough except when very young.

Tuesday, 5 August 2014

Cabbage

So this is what it is all about; my first cabbage! It is so beautiful that I am not sure if I want to do a painting or eat it.

Saturday, 26 July 2014

Tuscan Kale

Tuscan Kale (Cavolo nero) is an easy vegetable to grow and I believe it is very nutritious. This week I began to harvest from my own three young plants. It tastes much better than I expected. I  fried a few shredded leaves (with the central stems removed) in some olive oil, garlic and chili flakes. Also tasty when drizzled with olive oil and crisped in the oven. 
Website with a recipe for kale chips: http://localfoods.about.com/od/chipsfriedsomebaked/r/Kale-Chips.htm